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Marthanda Varma
Anizham Thirunal Veerabaala Marthanda Varma (1706 – 7 July 1758) was king of Travancore from 1729 until his death in 1758. He was the only Indian King to beat the European armed force at the 1741 Battle of Colachel against the Dutch. He contributed substantially to the expansion of his ancestral domains by annexing several neighbouring states and unified the entire south of Kerala.
==Early life==
Anizham Thirunal Veerbaala Marthanda Varma was born in 1706 to the Junior Queen of Travancore, Maharani Karthika Thirunal and Raghava Varma of Kilimanur Royal House. Travancore (Trippappur Swaroopam) then, a small principality extending from Edava in the north to Aruvamozhi in the south. According to historians, within this small kingdom the power of the king was only nominal then, due to the power of the nobles known as ''Madampis'', chief among them being the Ettuveetil Pillamar or the "Lords of the Eight Houses". The powers of the ruler were also to a great extent curbed by the power of the Ettara Yogam, the Managing committee of the great Pagoda of Padmanabhaswamy in Trivandrum. It was into these conditions, where the sovereign was powerless under the refractory nobles of the state, Anizham Thirunal was born in 1706. According to Shangunny Menon, the then 14-year-old Anizham Thirunal advised Maharajah Veera Rama Varma that the latter should sign a treaty with the Madurai Nayaks in order to check the power of the nobles and other rebellious chieftains. After being pleased by the maturity and administrative talent of his nephew, Maharajah Veer Rama Varma anointed the 14-year-old Anizham Thirunal as the "Prince of Neyattinkara". But due to the opposition of the nobles, Marthanda Varma had to flee the capital for the safety of places such as Kottarakara, Kayamkulam etc. where he is narrated by historians, to have lived in difficulty for many years, travelling from one place to another to escape his enemies.
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